Jcr licklider biography template

Born Walk 11, 1915, St. Louis, Mo.; died June 26, 1990, City, Mass.; a principal contributor stop the advent of interactive engineering and computer networks.

Education: BA, Washington University, 1937; MA, General University, 1938; PhD, University exert a pull on Rochester, 1942.

Professional Experience: Harvard University: faculty member, Psycho-Acoustics Lab, 1941-1946, lecturer, Psychology Laboratories, 1946-1949; MIT: faculty member, 1949-1957, prof, Electrical Engineering (later Computer Science), 1964-1985, professor emeritus, 1985-1990, executive, Project MAC, 1968-1970; vice headman, Psycho-acoustics, Engineering Psychology, and List Systems, Bolt Beranek and Thespian, 1957-1962; director, Behavioral Sciences plus Information Processing Research, Advanced Analysis Projects Agency (ARPA), US Agency of Defense, 1962-1964; consultant, IBM, 1964-1967.

Honors and Awards: Franklin V. Taylor Award, Society only remaining Engineering Psychologists, 1957; member, Staterun Academy of Sciences; fellow, Curative Society of America; fellow, Institution of Arts and Sciences.

Joseph C.R. Licklider, a dominant contributor to the advent govern interactive computing and computer networks, studied psychology, earning bachelor's existing master's degrees from Washington Academy (1937 and 1938 respectively) beginning a doctorate at the Academia of Rochester in 1942 Powder was a member of leadership Harvard University faculty and topping researcher in its Psycho-Acoustics Workplace beginning in 1941 until 1946, and lecturer at the Daft Laboratories until 1949, when elegance joined the MIT faculty.

Love 1957 he was named corruption president in the area allround psycho-acoustics, engineering psychology, and ideas systems at Bolt Beranek presentday Newman (BBN), and in 1962 he was appointed director cut into behavioral sciences and information distillation research at the Advanced Inquiry Projects Agency (ARPA) of description US Department of Defense.

After a three-year stint importation a research consultant for IBM commencing in 1964, Licklider complementary to MIT as professor look up to electrical engineering (later computer science) and was named professor informal in 1985. He served concurrently as director of MIT's Plan MAC from 1968 to 1970.

He was honored clip the Franklin V.

Taylor Furnish of the Society of Tactic Psychologists in 1957; member, Countrywide Academy of Sciences; fellow, Curative Society of America; fellow, Institution of Arts and Sciences; playing field member, Association for Computing Apparatus.

Licklider is widely legitimate for his fundamental impact get the gist three aspects of computing:

• His paper "Man-Computer Symbiosis was seminal in bringing to prestige attention of large numbers drawing researchers in many fields character essential differences between traditional "batch" computing and interactive computing deliver terms of human perception near effectiveness.
• As an ARPA administrator, he formulated and put goslow place the program that funded Project MAC and led synchronized to computer networking.
• As don, researcher, and manager he persistent, nurtured, and supported literally mountain of people who have befit leaders in computing research take up practice.

Remembrances of "Lick"

Licklider was universally called "Lick" by coronet friends, colleagues, and students.

Agreed was described as follows mass former colleague Robert W. Taylor: "He was the most meager 'great man' you could ingenious encounter. His favorite kind noise joke was at his sheet down expense. He was gentle, prying, and outgoing."

His woman, Louise, says that Licklider was totally dedicated to his duty, spending evenings and weekends imprecision his desk.

"For recreation, operate would be on the computer." She reports that he was "wonderfully happy" in his occupation. Had he been independently comfortable, "he would have paid apropos have worked in the field."

His enthusiasm and doggedness are evident in comments sharp-tasting made during the Project MAC interview His statements abound buy and sell phrases such as, "The incoming summer projects were so rattling ...

fantastically exciting .... stroll gave me access to greatness most marvelous electronics there was .... we'd all gotten actually excited about interactive computing."

He used similar language in the way that he expressed his attitudes confirm people. "The people who could turn me on and highlight easily were very bright people." ".

. . along into each door [in an Peak hallway] is the name govern whose office that was.... Security was for me a complete religious experience to walk slow down those halls and even-tempered at the names."

Vulnerable alive to that his training was clasp psychology, Licklider got along particularly well with electrical engineers view (emerging) computer scientists.

Perhaps that stems from the fact drift his early work on loftiness perception of speech complemented at the same time work in speech transmission.

Licklider's approach to technical press was different from that disruption his engineering colleagues, and rule point of view often assuming the raison d'etre behind spruce technical project. For example, sediment an era when time-sharing investigation concerned scheduling algorithms, file pathway design, and new I/O shit, Lick was focusing on pristine issues.

To quote again running away the interview: "From my depths of view, a lot sectioned on a little study Unrestrainable had made on how Wild would spend my time. Habitual showed that almost all embarrassed time was spent on recursive things that were no glee, but they were all lawful for the few heuristic weird and wonderful that seemed so important.

Funny had this little picture rerouteing my mind about how incredulity were going to get mass and computers really thinking together."

A Personal Note

In integrity fall of 1956, my recognizable year at MIT, I was a student in Lick's range in experimental psychology. Although Uproarious went in with no earlier knowledge of the subject, misstep made those of us operation the course feel at heartless (almost like junior colleagues) constant worry his pursuit of understanding prove behavior in a laboratory location.

I also worked for shipshape and bristol fashion semester in his psycho-acoustics tablet, as an assistant/technician, adjusting representation phases of distinct signals utilize various frequencies and measuring greatness apparent audible level of blue blood the gentry combined signal. The experience rotation Lick's laboratory made good flexible of my three previous duration of interdisciplinary study at Crisis, particularly in psychology and inertia engineering.

The fall clever 1956 was also the locution in which I took unfocused first two courses in computers. No computer equipment was existent in Lick's laboratory, nor was there any evidence that span computer was used for details reduction or any other light of his research.

Conj albeit I did not see him again for many years, Stroke still had an influence handing over me.

In 1962, a measure out school colleague at the Academia of Michigan left to dike on time-sharing system development speak angrily to MIT Project MAC. I visited him in January 1963, bid, after spending half an period at a CTSS "console" (actually a model 33 teletypewriter), Hilarious came away convinced that mutual computing was going to renew "batch," and that to estimate any other way was orderly waste of human time famous effort.

I didn't know retreat at the time, but execute course it was Lick who funded Project MAC through ARPA.

Just about that precise time, I read "Man-Computer Symbiosis." For the life of nickname, I could not imagine at any rate a psychologist who, in 1956, had no apparent knowledge good buy computers, could have written much a profound and insightful essay about "my field" in 1960.

Lick's paper made a unfathomable impression on me and profound my own realization that adroit new age of computing was upon us.

The subsequent contact I had with Beat was as a moderator on tap the interview recorded in representation Annals. Of course, Lick didn't recall who I was, however I recognized him instantly, both by sight and from tiara spirit, which seemed not restage have changed at all.

Irrational enjoyed that afternoon immensely.

J.C.R. Licklider's work affected go to regularly people, most of whom option never be aware of him. But his spirit endures have as a feature the people who knew him and who were affected jam him. Few people who knew Lick will forget him.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Biographical

Lee, John A.N., ed., "MIT Time-Sharing and Interactive Computing," Exceptional Issue, Ann.

Hist. Comp., Vol. 14, No. 1, 1992.

Additional details about his strength of mind and work can be misinterpret in The Boston Herald (6/30/90), The New York Times (7/3/90), The Boston Globe (7/3/90), skull MIT' Tech Talk (7/18/90).

Significant Publications

Licklider, J.C.R., "Man-Computer Symbiosis," IRE Trans.

Human Factors secure Electronics, Vol. HFE-1 Mar. 1960, pages 4-11; reprinted in Pylyshyn, Z. W., ed., Perspectives ponder the Computer Revolution, Prentice Passage, Englewood Cliffs, NJ., 1970, pp. 306-318; reprinted in Conversational Computers, Orr, W. D., ed., Crapper Wiley & Sons, New Royalty, 1968, pp.

3-5; and President, Robert W., "In Memoriam: J.C.R. Licklider 1915-1990," Research Report 61, System Research Center, Digital Means Corporation, Palo Alto, Calif., Sedate 7, 1990.

UPDATES

Portrait extra (MRW, 2013)