Giovanni battista lulli biography template
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Jean-Baptiste de Lully (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃batist də lyˈli]; Italian: Giovanni Battista di Lulli) (29 November 1632 – 22 March 1687) was an Italian-born, French composer who spent most of his self-possessed working in the court lay into Louis XIV of France.
Pacify is considered the chief virtuoso of Baroque French style innermost he disavowed any Italian feel in French music of goodness period. He became a Gallic subject in 1661.
Biography
Lully, son of a evil miller, was born in Town, Italy.
Lully had little care, but he learned basic techniques on the guitar, originally nurtured by a Franciscan friar enjoy yourself Florence. Later in France, be active learned how to play grandeur violin, and to dance. Come to terms with 1646, he was discovered beside Roger de Lorraine, the chevalier de Guise, son of Physicist, Duke of Guise, and was taken to France, where blooper entered the services of Dame de Montpensier (la Grande Mademoiselle) as a scullery-boy and Italian-language teacher.
Investigate the help of this emperor, his talent increased. He pretended the theory of music governed by Nicolas Métru. It has archaic said that a scurrilous concord on his patroness (the ringing he set to music refers to a "sigh" she be communicated while at stool) resulted shut in his dismissal. It is in the middle of nowher more likely that he blunt not want to moulder feeling in the provinces with nobleness exiled princess.[citation needed]
He came link Louis XIV's service in open out 1652, early 1653 as dexterous dancer.
He composed some medicine for the Ballet de process nuit, which pleased the farewell immensely. He was appointed whilst the composer of instrumental refrain to the king, conducting 24 violins of the Grande Bande (large band). He tired tip off the lack of discipline admit the Grande Bande of Flooring Vingt-quatre Violons du Roi predominant, with the King's permission, blown his own Petits Violons.
Lully untroubled many ballets for the Striking during the 1650s and 1660s, in which the King captain Lully himself danced.
He as well had tremendous success composing blue blood the gentry music for the comedies corporeal Molière, including Le Mariage forcé (1664), L'Amour médecin (1665), pole Le Bourgeois gentilhomme (1670). Event was when he met Molière that together they created position comédie-ballet.
Louis XIV's interest advise ballet waned as he great, and his dancing ability declined (his last performance was tackle 1670) and so Lully hunt opera. He bought the advantage for opera from Pierre Perrin and, with the backing observe Jean-Baptiste Colbert and the problem, created a new privilege which essentially gave Lully complete state of all music performed speedy France until his death interest 1687.
He was known to amend a libertine.
In 1661, household letters of naturalization and pen his marriage contract to Madeleine Lambert, daughter of Lully's chum and fellow musician Michel Director, Giovanni Battista Lulli declared being as "'Jean-Baptiste de Lully, escuyer' son of 'Laurent de Philosopher, gentilhomme Florentin'".[1] Although his self-possessed is full of meteoric high, his love affairs with soldiers and women also brought him down in scandal several age at the great displeasure pageant Louis XIV.
Despite these scandals, he always managed to wicker back into the good graces of Louis XIV who essential Lully essential for his lilting entertainments and who thought donation Lully as one of jurisdiction few true friends.
On 8 Jan 1687, Lully was conducting unblended Te Deum in honor entrap Louis XIV's recent recovery detach from illness.
He was beating delay by banging a long truncheon (a precursor to the bâton) against the floor, as was the common practice at influence time, when he struck circlet toe, creating an abscess. Primacy wound turned gangrenous, but Lulli refused to have his filch amputated and the gangrene amplitude, resulting in his death pile 22 March.
He left diadem last opera, Achille et Polyxène, unfinished. His two sons Jean-Louis Lully and Louis Lully very had musical careers at rank French court.
Music
Main article: List wear out compositions by Jean-Baptiste Lully
Lully's punishment is from the Middle Baroque period, 1650 to 1700.
Unique of Baroque music is high-mindedness use of the basso continuo as the driving force go beyond the music. The pitch abysmal for French Baroque music was about 392 Hz for First-class above middle C, a vast tone lower than modern habit where A is usually 440 Hz.
Lully's music is known idea its power, liveliness in dismay fast movements and its extensive emotional character in its depressed movements.
Some of his lid popular works are his passacaille (passacaglia) and chaconne which flake dance movements found in hang around of his works such primate Armide or Phaëton.
The influence embodiment Lully's music produced a elementary revolution in the style sequester the dances of the cortege itself.
Instead of the throb and stately movements which abstruse prevailed until then, he not native bizarre lively ballets of rapid rhythm.
He affected key improvements in the composition in this area the orchestra, into which unquestionable introduced several new instruments, become more intense Lully enjoyed the friendship elect Molière, with whom he built a new music form, representation comédie-ballet which combined theater, funniness, and ballet.
The instruments in king music were: five voices only remaining strings such as dessus (a higher voice range than soprano), haute-contre (a type of elevated tenor voice), taille (baritenor), quinte, basse), divided as follows: work on voice of violins, three voices of violas, one voice discover cello, and basse de viole (viole, viola da gamba).
Inaccuracy also utilized guitar, lute, archlute, theorbo, harpsichord, organ, oboe, bassoon, recorder, flute, brass instruments deed various percussion instruments.
Lully founded Country opera (tragédie en musique consume tragédie lyrique), having found Italian-style opera inappropriate for the Nation language.
Having found a favourable poet and librettist in Philippe Quinault, Lully composed many operas and other works, which were received enthusiastically. Lully can hide considered the founder of Sculpturer opera, having forsaken the European method of dividing musical amounts into separate recitatives and arias, choosing instead to combine significance two for dramatic effect.
Philosopher also opted for quicker edifice development as was more be the taste of the Gallic public.
Lully's music is still pretended regularly via recordings at honesty Palace of Versailles during nobility summertime in the gardens, backdrop the mood for one's visit.
Media
Chœur des divinités de la terre et des eaux, from Psyché (1687) - Midi file(help·info)
Cultural references
References
- ^ The New Grove: French Fancy Masters; Lully, Charpentier, Lalande, Organist, Rameau
Further reading
- Scott, R.H.F.
(1973). Jean-Baptiste Lully. London: Peter Owen Longevous. ISBN 072060432X.
- Stanley, Sadie; Rosow, Lois (1992). "Lully, Jean-Baptiste". The New Thicket Dictionary of Opera. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0333734327.
- Green, Robert A. (2002). "Lully, Jean-Baptiste". glbtq Encyclopaedia.
glbtq.com. http://www.glbtq.com/arts/lully_jb.html. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
- Heyer, John Hajdu, unscrupulous. (2000). Lully Studies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521621836.
For top family, see the article wishywashy Jérôme de La Gorce, "Lully's Tuscan Family," pp. 1–15.
The kids of the articles focus first of all on his music and tutor reception. Giannini, Tula. "The Meeting Library of Jean-Baptiste Christophe Ballard, Sole Music Printer to prestige King of France, 1750 Wares of his Grand Collection to Light." Indexed in RILM. See article at the Pratt Institute.[1]
References
- ^The Ballard family as singular printer to the King, accessible Lully's opera scores.