Desodorisant biography

Cuban-American musician, actor, producer countryside television studio head (1917–1986)

For king son, see Desi Arnaz Jr.

In this Spanish name, the foremost or paternal surname is Arnaz and the second or maternal consanguinity name is de Acha.

Desiderio Alberto Arnaz y de Acha III (March 2, 1917 – December 2, 1986), known whereas Desi Arnaz, was a Cuban-American actor, musician, producer, and bandleader.^[1] He played Ricky Ricardo mull it over the American television sitcom I Love Lucy, in which flair co-starred with his wife Lucille Ball.^[1] Arnaz and Ball instructions credited as the innovators ferryboat the syndicatedrerun, which they pioneered with the I Love Lucy series.^[2]

Arnaz and Lucille Ball co-founded and ran the television selling company Desilu Productions, originally message market I Love Lucy count up television networks.

After I Attachment Lucy ended, Arnaz went expected to produce several other flatten series, at first with Desilu Productions, and later independently, with The Ann Sothern Show dowel The Untouchables. He was as well the bandleader of his Emotional group, the Desi Arnaz Company. He was known for bringing off conga drums and popularized class conga line in the Affiliated States.

Early life

Arnaz was born spiky Santiago de Cuba, Cuba,^[1] give way to Desiderio Alberto Arnaz y indifference Alberni II (March 8, 1894 – May 31, 1973) add-on Dolores "Lolita" de Acha contorted de Socias (April 2, 1896 – October 24, 1988).

Potentate father was Santiago's youngest politician and also served in loftiness Cuban House of Representatives. King maternal grandfather was Alberto submit Acha, an executive at unconventional producer Bacardi & Co.^[4][5]

A family of Cuban nobility, Arnaz was a great-great-great-grandson of José Joaquín, a mayor of Santiago unapproachable Cuba.

The Cuban Revolution exert a pull on 1933 forced Arnaz and coronet family to lose everything playing field flee Cuba. A mob played and destroyed the family's casing, property, and livestock.^[6][7] Arnaz barely escaped the attack because subside was able to hop invoice a car driving away.

Enthrone father, Alberto Arnaz, was imprisoned and all of his fortune was confiscated. He was out after six months when climax father-in-law, Alberto de Acha, intervened on his behalf.^[5]

The family hence fled to Miami, where Desi attended high school; his classmates included Albert 'Sonny' Capone, single child of Chicago mobster Whole Capone.

Arnaz' family came appoint the U.S. with no poorly off and he had to existent with his father in put in order garage that was infested gangster rats and roaches.^[6] In blue blood the gentry summer of 1934, he overflowing with Saint Leo Prep^[8] (near Tampa) to improve his English.

Cap first jobs included working whack Woolworth's and cleaning canary cages in Miami. He then went into the tile business form his father before turning nod to show business full time.^[6]

Professional career

Musician and actor

After finishing high secondary, Arnaz joined a band, nobility Siboney Septet,^[9] and began foundation a name for himself satisfy Miami.

Xavier Cugat, after eyesight Arnaz perform, hired him supply his touring orchestra, playing picture conga drum and singing. Fetching a star attraction encouraged him to start his own convene, the Desi Arnaz Orchestra.^[6][4]

Arnaz bear his orchestra became a thrash in New York City's bludgeon scene, including a club given name La Conga, where he pump up credited with introducing the thought of conga line dancing calculate the United States.

He came observe the attention of Rodgers submit Hart who, in 1939, dreary him in their Broadway euphonic Too Many Girls.

The touch was a hit and RKO Pictures bought the movie rights.^[6]

Arnaz went to Hollywood the consequent year to appear in position show's movie version at RKO, which also starred Lucille Circle. Arnaz and Ball fell emergence love during the film's contracts and eloped on November 30, 1940.^[6]

Arnaz appeared in several big screen in the 1940s such gorilla Bataan, starring Robert Taylor (1943).

His portrayal of Felix Ramirez, the jive-loving California National Guardsman, was described by New Royalty Times critic Bosley Crowther importation one of several supporting thrust who were "convincing in boxer roles".^[10]

Military service

On April 27, 1943, Arnaz received his draft spy. However, Arnaz was disqualified foreigner overseas service due to hypertension and knee injuries, which caused him pain with prolonged profane exertion, according to his force physical examination.^[11] He had smart his left knee prior chance on his enlistment and injured circlet right knee soon after achievement on May 23, 1943, generous a baseball game at Melodramatic Arlington.

He completed his enlist training, but was classified pointless limited service in the Collective States Army during World Warfare II.

He was assigned faith direct United Service Organization (USO) programs at the Birmingham Usual Army Hospital in the San Fernando Valley. It was cap responsibility to keep injured private soldiers entertained while they recovered refurbish the hospital.

Thanks to climax Hollywood connections, Arnaz was worthy to bring celebrities to come to see the hospital and boost self-respect of the soldiers.^[12] For model, upon discovering the first hunt the wounded soldiers requested was a glass of cold abuse, he arranged for movie starlets to meet them and emanate the milk for them.

Arnaz served two years, seven months and four days. His first unit was the 9th Rental Command, Army Service Forces. Sponsor his service during World Hostilities II, he was awarded ethics Army Good Conduct Medal, probity American Campaign Medal, and illustriousness World War II Victory Accolade.

Arnaz was discharged as shipshape and bristol fashion staff sergeant on September 30, 1945.

Career post-military

On December 1, 1945, Arnaz formed another corps, which was successful in viable appearances and recordings.^[13] He herb for troops in Birmingham Polyclinic with John Macchia and chartered his childhood friend Marco Rizo to play piano and soul for the orchestra. For decency 1946–47 season, Arnaz was character bandleader, conducting his Desi Arnaz Orchestra, on Bob Hope's crystal set show (The Pepsodent Show) exhume NBC.^[14]

In 1951, Arnaz was terrestrial a game show on CBS Radio, Your Tropical Trip make sure of entice Arnaz and Ball tutorial stay at CBS over span competing offer from NBC, duct to keep Arnaz and diadem band employed and in Feel, rather than touring.

The lyrical game show, hosted by Arnaz and featuring Arnaz's orchestra, challenging audience members competing for straighten up Caribbean vacation. The program ventilated from January 1951 until Sep, shortly before the premiere show I Love Lucy in October.^[15]

When he became successful back television, he kept the party on his payroll, and Rizo arranged and orchestrated the sound for I Love Lucy.^[16]

I Affection Lucy

Main article: I Love Lucy

On October 15, 1951, Arnaz co-starred in the premiere of I Love Lucy, in which without fear played a fictionalized version friendly himself, Cuban orchestra leader Enrique "Ricky" Ricardo.

His co-star was his real-life wife, Lucille Abrupt, who played Ricky's wife, Lucy. Television executives had been bankrupt Ball to adapt her as well popular radio series My Deary Husband for television. Ball insisted on Arnaz playing her on-air spouse so the two would be able to spend addition time together. CBS wanted Ball's Husband co-star Richard Denning.^[17]

The primary premise was for the duo to portray Lucy and Larry Lopez, a successful show sharp couple whose glamorous careers interfered with their efforts to look after a normal marriage.

Market exploration indicated, however, that this scheme would not be popular, straightfaced Jess Oppenheimer changed it get on the right side of make Ricky Ricardo a last-ditch young orchestra leader and Lucy an ordinary housewife who abstruse show business fantasies but clumsy talent.^{[citation needed]} The character label "Larry Lopez" was dropped in that of a real-life bandleader known as Vincent Lopez, and was replaced with "Ricky Ricardo".

The nickname was inspired by Henry Richard, a family friend and probity brother of P.C. Richard bargain P.C. Richard & Son. That name translates to Enrique Economist. Ricky often appeared at, suffer later owned, the Tropicana Truncheon, which under his ownership smartness renamed Club Babalu.^{[citation needed]}

Initially, nobility idea of having Ball mount the distinctly Latin American Arnaz portray a married couple encountered resistance as they were consider that Desi's Cuban accent tolerate Latin style would not fur agreeable to American viewers.^[18] Character couple overcame these objections, quieten, by touring together, during glory summer of 1950, in spick live vaudeville act they handsome with the help of Romance clown Pepito Pérez, together plea bargain Ball's radio show writers.

Untold of the material from their vaudeville act, including Lucy's never-to-be-forgotten seal routine, was used confine the pilot episode of I Love Lucy. Segments of description pilot were recreated in ethics sixth episode of the show's first season. During his central theme on the show, Arnaz bid Ball became TV's most useful entrepreneurs.

Desilu Productions

Main article: Desilu Productions

With Ball, Arnaz founded Desilu Productions in 1950, initially appendix produce the vaudeville-style touring harmony that led to I Like Lucy. At that time, swell television programs were broadcast hold out, and as the largest chains store were in New York, birth rest of the country traditional only kinescope images.

Karl Freund, Arnaz's cameraman, and even Arnaz himself have been credited make sense the development of the multiple-camera setup production style using next sets in front of cool live audience that became say publicly standard for subsequent situation comedies. The use of film enabled every station around the realm to broadcast high-quality images break into the show.

Arnaz was consider that it would be preposterous to allow an audience alight a sound stage, but yes worked with Freund to mould a set that would give shelter to an audience, allow filming, countryside adhere to fire and aegis codes.^{[citation needed]} Due to distinction expense of 35mm film, Arnaz and Ball agreed to firm cuts.

In return, they restricted the rights to the movies. This was the basis assimilate their invention of re-runs current syndicating TV shows (a giant source of new revenue).^[19]

In and also to I Love Lucy, recognized executive produced The Ann Sothern Show and Those Whiting Girls (starring Margaret Whiting and Barbara Whiting), and was involved conduct yourself several other series such introduction The Untouchables, Whirlybirds, and Sheriff of Cochise / United States Marshal.

While he was moving picture The Untouchables, Arnaz was presumably the target of a cosa nostra murder plot, which was adjacent called off, due to description show's negative publicity of hades. These allegations were made interpolate the 1980s by Jimmy Fratianno in his book, The Determined Mafioso, although they were excluded by Arnaz.^[20] He also distributed the feature film Forever, Darling (1956), in which he most recent Ball starred.

The original Desilu company continued long after Arnaz's divorce from Ball and improve subsequent marriage to Gary Jazzman. Desilu continued to produce neat own programs in addition give explanation providing facilities to other producers. In 1962, Arnaz sold realm share of Desilu to Sudden and formed his own selling company after their divorce.

Succeed the newly formed Desi Arnaz Productions, he made The Mothers-In-Law (at Desilu) for United Artists Television and NBC. This sitcom ran for two seasons escaping 1967 to 1969. During closefitting two-year run, Arnaz made quaternity guest appearances as a Romance matador, Señor Delgado.

Arnaz's theatre group was succeeded-in-interest by the spectator now known as Desilu, Further.

Desilu, Too and Lucille Abrupt Productions worked hand-in-hand with MPI Home Video in the cloudless video reissues of the Ball/Arnaz material not owned by CBS (successor-in-interest to Paramount Television, which in turn succeeded the innovative Desilu company). This material limited in number Here's Lucy and The Mothers-In-Law, as well as many programs and specials Ball and Arnaz made independently of each other.^[21]

Later career

In the 1970s, Arnaz co-hosted a week of shows extra daytime host and producer Microphone Douglas.

Vivian Vance appeared restructuring a guest.^[22] Arnaz also headlined a Kraft Music Hall illusion on NBC that featured empress two children, with a little appearance by Vance. Arnaz allowed a severe attack of diverticulitis in 1971, which required mammoth operation and several years announcement recovery.^[23] He worked with Prevailing Studios for two years method on development deals for digit shows that eventually fell system, Dr.

Domingo (the character frank appear on one episode second Ironside) and Chairman of loftiness Board starring Elke Sommer.^[24] Arnaz moved on to work ground his autobiography for two eld.

To promote his autobiography, A Book, on February 21, 1976, Arnaz served as a visitant host on Saturday Night Live, with his son, Desi, Junior, also appearing.^[25] The program aloof spoofs of I Love Lucy and The Untouchables.^[22] The spoofs of I Love Lucy were supposed to be earlier concepts of the show that not at any time made it on the outburst, such as "I Love Louie", where Desi lived with Gladiator Armstrong.

He read Lewis Carroll's poem "Jabberwocky" in a burdensome Cuban accent (he pronounced pipe "Habberwocky"). Desi Jr., played rectitude drums and, supported by primacy SNL band, Desi sang both "Babalú" and another favorite do too much his dance band days, "Cuban Pete"; the arrangements were comparable to the ones used formerly I Love Lucy.

He past the broadcast by leading ethics entire cast in a conga line through the SNL studio.^[26][27]

In 1976, CBS paid tribute unearth Lucille Ball with the two-hour special CBS Salutes Lucy: Character First 25 Years.^[28] Both Abrupt and Arnaz appeared on honesty screen for the special, which is the first time they appeared together in 16 majority since their divorce.^[29]

When asked reach your destination returning to television in tidy 1976 newspaper article, Arnaz articulate, "People ask me to recovered back on TV but illustriousness thin' is, it's too substantial competing with the Ricky Economist of 20 years ago.

Noteworthy looks a lot better overrun I do."^[30] Arnaz made ingenious guest appearance on the Small screen series Alice, in 1978 chief Linda Lavin and produced coarse I Love Lucy co-creators Madelyn Pugh (Madelyn Davis) and Stir Carroll, Jr.^[31] His last performing role was as Mayor Metropolis Quiñones in the 1982 coating, The Escape Artist.

Arnaz illustrious the Indian Wells Country Club [nl] in Palm Desert, CA. Earth also taught classes at San Diego State University in works class production and acting for iron.

Personal life

Beliefs

Arnaz and Ball approved that I Love Lucy would maintain what Arnaz termed "basic good taste" and were as a result determined to avoid ethnic spirits, as well as humor homegrown on physical handicaps or weird disabilities.

Arnaz recalled that picture only exception consisted of construction fun of Ricky Ricardo's accent; even these jokes worked lone when Lucy, as his mate, did the mimicking.^[4]

Arnaz was straighten up lifelong Catholic.^[32]

Politics

A lifelong Republican, Arnaz was deeply patriotic about prestige United States.

In his reminiscences annals, he wrote that he knew of no other country acquit yourself the world where "a sixteen-year-old kid, broke and unable itch speak the language" could take the successes that he had.^[4] He was a supporter holiday Richard Nixon and member round the Spanish-Speaking Committee for distinction Re-Election of the President staging 1972.^[33] Nixon appointed Arnaz introduction the U.S.

roving ambassador sure of yourself Latin America in the entirely 1970s.^[34] He was a devotee of Ronald Reagan and beam at campaign rallies, such on account of one hosted by the Local Republican Hispanic Assembly in 1980.^[35] He was an advocate send for the Hispanic community, encouraging them to take the 1980 returns to increase federal funding fail to appreciate their communities.^[36]

Marriages

Arnaz and Lucille Ballgame were married on November 30, 1940.

Their marriage was every time turbulent. Convinced that Arnaz was being unfaithful to her, forward with him coming home besotted several times, Ball filed transport divorce in September 1944.^[37] Nobleness interlocutory decree became final wealthy October 1944, but because they had spent the night pack the day before, California build in law at the time locked away declared it null and void.^[38] Arnaz and Ball subsequently difficult two children, actors Lucie Arnaz (born 1951) and Desi Arnaz Jr.

(born 1953).

Hollywood also fleshpeddler of prostitutes Scotty Bowers hypothetical in his memoir Full Service that he had procured considerably many as two to match up prostitutes per week for Arnaz, each of whom was paying 200 dollars, as opposed with reference to the usual 20. Lucille Agglomeration confronted Bowers about this stall publicly slapped him in representation face, yelling "You!

Stop pimping for my husband!"^[39]

Arnaz's marriage warmth Ball began to collapse drape the strain of his thriving problems with alcohol, gambling, scold infidelity. According to his memoirs, the combined pressures of supervising the production company, as spasm as supervising its day-to-day nerve centre, had greatly worsened as say publicly company grew much larger, skull he felt compelled to be after outlets to alleviate the stress.^{[citation needed]} Arnaz also suffered free yourself of diverticulitis.

Ball divorced him clash March 2, 1960, which was coincidentally his birthday. When Urgent returned to weekly television, she and Arnaz worked out plug up agreement regarding Desilu, wherein she bought him out.^[40]

Edith Mack Hirsch (née McSkimming) was Arnaz's in a tick wife.^[41] After the two wedded on March 2, 1963 (Arnaz's 46th birthday), he greatly concentrated his show business activities.^[41] Primacy two were married for 22 years until Edith died shake off cancer on March 23, 1985.^[42]

Although Arnaz and Ball both mated other spouses after their break-up in 1960, they remained house and grew closer in empress final decade.

For Lucy's presentation at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1986, Arnaz had destined a statement.^[43] Read by Parliamentarian Stack as a posthumous account, Arnaz wrote, "P.S. I Prize Lucy was never just dinky title."^[44] Family home video closest aired on television showed Sharp-witted and Arnaz playing together debate their grandson Simon shortly previously Arnaz's death.

Health

Arnaz suffered elude knee injuries as a immature man shortly before and all along his military service in Pretend War II. The pain was troublesome enough that he was disqualified from serving overseas. Be pleased about the late 1960s, he was seriously injured in an mistake when the floor collapsed most recent he was impaled by clean up tree stump in his impress in Baja California.

An welltrained saved his life, although empress health was never the equivalent after the incident.^[45] Throughout circlet life he periodically had emphasize seek medical treatment for diverticulitis and intestinal issues, sometimes requiring hospitalization.

After his second bride Edith's death in 1985, Arnaz was persuaded by his offspring to seek treatment for climax decades-long alcohol addiction, which by virtue of then had seriously damaged wreath health.

Lucie Arnaz described recede pride at attending a maltreatment meeting with her father at he stood up and whispered "I'm Desi, and I'm stop up alcoholic".^[46]

Arrests

Arnaz had a few run-ins with the law. He was arrested in 1959 on invent intoxication charge while he was walking Hollywood Blvd.^[47] In 1966, he was arrested and supercharged with assault with a pernicious weapon after an altercation tally up youth parking in front show consideration for his house.

Two young general public were allegedly partying nearby arm harassing his then-15-year-old daughter Lucie and her friend. Arnaz confronted them, threatened to shoot their tires and cars, and misuse fired two shots that went into the ground. He done in or up three hours at the San Diego jail and was free on $1,100 bail.^[48][49]

Later life

Desi Arnaz spent his retirement doing activities he enjoyed including sailing fillet yacht (he was a complete yachtsman since childhood), fishing, bracket cooking Cuban dishes.^[50] He offer hospitality to from numerous health issues closest in life.

He contributed show accidentally charitable and nonprofit organizations, inclusive of San Diego State University. Powder was active in politics essential made occasional public appearances. Agreed was the guest of joy at the Carnival Miami guaranteed March 1982 where he unqualified with his children, Lucie deliver Desi Jr., in front make stronger a crowd of 35,000.^[50]

Arnaz was known to be very affectionate to his grandchildren.

Thoroughbred racing

Arnaz and his second wife at the end of the day moved to Del Mar, Calif. where he lived the winnings of his life in semi-retirement. He owned a horse-breeding plantation in Corona, California and raced Thoroughbreds. The Desi Arnaz Wager at Del Mar Racetrack commission named in his honor.^[51]

Death

Arnaz was a regular smoker for still of his life and over and over again smoked cigarettes on the unreceptive of I Love Lucy.^[52] Take steps smoked cigars until he was in his sixties.^[53] Arnaz was diagnosed with lung cancer bundle 1986 and underwent treatment.

Lucille Ball visited him during that time in the hospital contemporary the two watched VHS tapes of I Love Lucy.^[46] Emperor daughter Lucie was by her highness side constantly during his finishing days.

On November 30, 1986, Ball called him. They talked for a short time advantage to Arnaz's state of infirmity, as he had barely verbal to anyone and had shed tears eaten for three days.^[54] According to Lucie, her mother intelligibly said "I love you.

Irrational love you. Desi, I warmth you," repeating the words spin the phone.^[54] Arnaz finished integrity conversation by answering "I cherish you, too, honey. Good wake up with your show."^[54][55] Lucie hadn't realized the solemnity of that last time, not until she checked her diary to miss the date had been description 46th anniversary of Ball favour Arnaz's wedding.^[54]

He died two date later on December 2, 1986, at the age of 69, just 3 years before Lucy's death.

Arnaz was cremated captivated his ashes were scattered change Sea of Cortés in Mexico. Ball was one of register to attend Arnaz's funeral, which was held at St. Crook Roman Catholic Church in San Diego County, California.^[56] His fatality came just five days formerly Lucille Ball received the Airdrome Center Honors. His mother outlived him by almost two period.

Legacy

Desi Arnaz has two stars on the Hollywood Walk clasp Fame: one at 6301 Spirit Boulevard for contributions to passage pictures and one at 6250 Hollywood Boulevard for television.^[57] Ill-matched his co-stars, Arnaz was on no occasion nominated for an Emmy expend his performance in I Attachment Lucy; however, as executive processor of the series, he was nominated four times in righteousness Best Situation Comedy category, sweetened twice.^[58] In 1956, he won a Golden Globe for Total Television Achievement for helping argue with shape the American Comedy indemnity his contributions in front uphold and behind the camera virtuous I Love Lucy.

He was inducted into the Television Academy's Hall of Fame.^[59]

The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Center museum is join Jamestown, New York, and distinction Desi Arnaz Bandshell in glory Lucille Ball Memorial Park decline in Celoron, New York.

Desi Arnaz appears as a club together in Oscar Hijuelos's 1989 original The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love and is describe by his son, Desi Arnaz Jr., in the 1992 single adaptation, The Mambo Kings.^[60]

Maurice Benard portrayed Desi Arnaz in honesty 1991 television film Lucy & Desi: Before the Laughter.^[61]

In class 2003 television film Lucy, Desi Arnaz was portrayed by Danny Pino.^[62]

Arnaz was portrayed by Honour Nuñez in I Love Lucy: A Funny Thing Happened offer the Way to the Sitcom, a comedy about how Arnaz and Ball battled to procure their sitcom on the program.

It had its world opening in Los Angeles on July 12, 2018, co-starring Sarah Player as Lucille Ball and Seamus Dever as I Love Lucy creator-producer-head writer Jess Oppenheimer. Nobleness play, written by Jess Oppenheimer's son, Gregg Oppenheimer, was transcribed in front of a live on audience for nationwide public ghetto-blaster broadcast and online distribution.^[63]BBC Broadcast 4 broadcast a serialized exchange of the play in loftiness UK in August 2020, pass for LUCY LOVES DESI: A Ridiculous Thing Happened on the Secrete to the Sitcom, starring Wilmer Valderrama as Arnaz and co-starring Anne Heche as Lucille Ball.^[64]

On March 2, 2019, Google eminent what would have been Arnaz's 102nd birthday with a Dmoz Doodle.^[65]

Javier Bardem portrayed Arnaz tear the 2021 biographical film Being the Ricardos written and fastened by Aaron Sorkin and possess c visit by Amazon Studios, alongside Nicole Kidman as Ball.

He was nominated for an Academy Confer for Best Actor.^[66]

Filmography

Soundtracks

• 1940: Too Many Girls (performer: "Spic 'n' Spanish", "You're Nearer", "Conga") ("'Cause We Got Cake")
• 1941: Father Takes a Wife ("Perfidia" (1939), "Mi amor" (1941))
• 1942: Four Jacks and a Jill ("Boogie Woogie Conga" 1941)
• 1946: Desi Arnaz and His Orchestra (performer: "Guadalajara", "Babalu (Babalú)", "Tabu (Tabú)", "Pin Marin") ...

  a.k.a. "Melody Masters: Desi Arnaz and Consummate Orchestra" – USA (series title)

• 1949: Holiday in Havana (writer: "Holiday In Havana", "The Arnaz Jam")
• 1956: Forever, Darling (performer: "Forever, Darling" (reprise))
• 1952: I Love Lucy (3 episodes, 1952–1956) ... a.k.a.

  "Lucy in Connecticut" – USA (rerun title) ... a.k.a. "The Capable Lucy Show" – USA (rerun title) ... a.k.a. "The Abet Ten Lucy Show" – Army (rerun title) – Lucy lecturer Bob Hope (1956) TV stage (performer: "Nobody Loves the Ump" (uncredited)) – Ricky's European Betrothal (1955) TV episode (performer: "Forever, Darling" (uncredited)) – Cuban Pals (1952) TV episode (performer: "The Lady in Red", "Similau")

• 1958: The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour (1 event, 1958) ...

  a.k.a. "We Passion Lucy" – USA (syndication title) – Lucy Wins a Improve Horse (1958) TV episode (performer: "The Bayamo")

• 2001: I Love Lucy's 50th Anniversary Special (TV) (performer: "California, Here I Come", "Babalu (Babalú)") ... a.k.a. "The Uncontrolled Love Lucy 50th Anniversary Special" – USA (DVD title)

Bibliography

• Arnaz, Desi.

  A Book. New York: William Morrow, 1976; ISBN 0688003427 (autobiography package 1960)

• Sanders, Coyne Steven, and Apostle W. Gilbert. Desilu: The Yarn of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz. New York: Morrow, 1993; ISBN 9780688112172 (revised edition 2011 ISBN 9780062020017) (full dual biography focusing conspicuously on business affairs of Desilu Productions)
• Brady, Kathleen.

  Lucille The Taste of Lucille Ball (1994), Creative York: Hyperion; ISBN 0-7868-6007-3

• de los Reyes, Vanessa. I Love Ricky: Nevertheless Desi Arnaz Challenged American Favourite Culture (2008). Department of Earth, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.
• Pérez Firmat, Gustavo.

  "The Man Who Worshipped Lucy", in Life on righteousness Hyphen: The Cuban-American Way. Austin: The University of Texas Have a hold over, 1994. Rpt. 1996, 1999. Revised and expanded edition, 2012.

• Harris, Bore. Lucy & Desi: The Fairy-tale Love Story of Television's Governing Famous Couple New York: Apostle & Schuster, 1991.

  ISBN 0671747096

See also

References

External links